Have you ever heard of a train powered by a Magnet?

The Maglev train route in Shanghai

Magnetically levitated (maglev) glide above track,propelled by superconducting magnets.The principle is more than a century old,but initially the huge electrical current needed to provide a sufficiently strong magnetic field were impractical.The breakthrough came when the two physicists,Gordon Danby and James Powell,at Brookhaven national laboratory decided to use high temperature superconductors as electromagnets.They obtained a patent for the technology in 1968,and by 1979,visitors to transportation exhibition in Hamburg,Germany ,were enjoying a short test run on transrapid maglev train.
       Maglev trains need a guiding track and the carriages float above it.Changing the field produced by electromagnets in the guideway pulls the train along.The only friction is due to air resistance,so extremely high speed are possible.Change in field strength can produce very high acceleration,and much more variable track gradients can be accommodated than with normal trains,so cutting and embankment would not be needed.
       There are serious disadvantages to maglevs.The guideways are extremely expensive,and the trains cannot be diverted from maglev tracks to normal railways to take in inner city termini.
       Maglev trains were introduced in united kingdom in 1984,linking Birmingham airport to nearby railway stations.In China,another system links Shanghai to pudong international Airport.The success of TVG trains that runs on normal track,however,has reduced the appeal of maglev.

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